![]() ” By the mid-20th century, “growth of the administrative state,” and “the realization that Congress is ill-suited compared to the President to make timely responses to national security threats,” had bolstered presidential power. Over the past two centuries, “ power has flowed increasingly to the Executive Branch ,” resulting in presidential power defined not so much by the Constitution as by “ the norms created over the course of two centuries of history. President Donald Trump declared a federal emergency to fund a border wall when Congress refused to grant appropriations, enacted travel bans, and also pursued regulatory action on drug pricing when Congress could not come to a legislative solution. President Barack Obama used the Environmental Protection Agency to issue regulations regarding greenhouse gas emissions when Congress did not pass legislation, and “ adopted aggressive interpretations of existing statutes ” to pass the Affordable Care Act. While this number is noteworthy for the first few weeks of a presidency, “ the reliance on executive action to drive policy changes is hardly new. ![]() Case Studyĭuring President Joe Biden’s first two weeks in office, he signed 28 executive orders directing federal agencies to pursue specific actions and policies. ![]() PRINT Discussion Guide Share Introduction View the Executive Summary for this brief. ![]()
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